Apocleinae
Amblyonychus
Eccritosia
Furcilla
Mallophora
Megaphorus
Nevadasilus
Proctacanthella
Proctacanthus *
Promachella
Promachus
Efferia-group
Albibarbefferia
Aridefferia
Carinefferia
Efferia
Nerax
Pogonioefferia
Triorla
Tuberculefferia
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Proctacanthus Macquart, 1838
[Apocleinae]
Neotropical
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Nearctic
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Palaearctic
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Afrotropical
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Oriental
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Australian & Oceania
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typ.loc.
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Description:
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Macquart, P.J.M. (1838): Diptères exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. - Mémoires de la Société royale des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des Artes 1(2): 5-207, 14 pls. (14-172, pl. 7) [120]; Lille.
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Type species:
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Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macquart, 1838: 123
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Literature:
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Williston, S.W. (1885): On the North American Asilidae (Part II). - Transactions of the American Entomological Society 12: 53-76; Philadelphia [key]. Hine, J.S. (1911): Robber flies of the genera Promachus and Proctacanthus. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 4: 153-172; Columbus [key]. Bromley, S.W. (1928): Notes on the genus Proctacanthus with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Asilidae). - Psyche. A Journal of Entomology. Cambridge Entomological Club 35: 12-15; Cambridge. James, M.T. (1941): The robber flies of colorado (Diptera, Asilidae). - Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 14(1): 27-53; Manhattan - Lawrence [key]. Schaefer, K.F. (1968): The Asilinae (Diptera, Asilidae) of Oklahoma. - Proceedings of the Oklahoma Acadademy of Science 47: 114-124; Norman [key]. James, M.T. (1933): New Asilidae from colorado. - American Museum Novitates 596: 1-3; New York. Martin, C.H. (1962): The mistaken identity of Proctacanthus arno Townsend and a new species (Diptera: Asilidae). - Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 35: 185-188; Manhattan - Lawrence.
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Nearctic species:
- Proctacanthus arno Townsend, 1895
- Proctacanthus brevipennis (Wiedemann, 1828)
- Proctacanthus coquillettii Hine, 1911
- Proctacanthus duryi Hine, 1911
- Proctacanthus fulviventris Macquart, 1850
- Proctacanthus gracilis Bromley, 1928
- Proctacanthus heros (Wiedemann, 1828)
- Proctacanthus hinei Bromley, 1928
- Proctacanthus longus (Wiedemann, 1821)
- Proctacanthus micans Schiner, 1867
- Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart, 1838
- Proctacanthus nearno Martin, 1962
- Proctacanthus nigriventris Macquart, 1838
- Proctacanthus nigrofemoratus Hine, 1911
- Proctacanthus occidentalis Hine, 1911
- Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macquart, 1838
- Proctacanthus rodecki James, 1933
- Proctacanthus rufus Williston, 1885
Proctacanthus nigrofemoratus Hine, 1911
- male -
Founded on:
Hine, J.S. (1911): Robber flies of the genera Promachus and Proctacanthus. - Annals of the Entomological Society of America 4: 153-172; Columbus. [amended]
Unrecognized species: Proctacanthus arno Townsend, 1895 from Baja California.
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Segments of the abdomen thickly pilose on the sides, very large red species . . . . . Proctacanthus heros (Wiedemann, 1828) [KY, MS, VA, TN, AL, GA, FL]
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Abdomen pollinose or sparsely hairy, smaller species.
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Femora black, tibiae red, the colors strongly contrasting. Male abdomen largely red, female abdomen not red . . . . . Proctacanthus fulviventris Macquart, 1850 [FL, GA]
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Femora and tibiae of nearly the same color, so there is no strong contrast in colors.
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Abdomen red, except the first tergite and anterior border of the second.
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Abdomen in large part gray pollinose.
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Dorsum of the scutum uniformly brown to red. Hypopygium from above wide, enlarged, appandages longer than segments seven and eight combined . . . . . Proctacanthus hinei Bromley, 1928 [NM, NY, MA, PA, WV, VA, NC, OH, MI, IN, KY, TN, MO, AR, OK, TX, IL, CO, UT, FL, KS, ONT]
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Dorsum of scutum usually dark with black stripes and spots. Hypopygium small, narrower than the last segment, the appendages from above shorter than segments seven and eight combined . . . . . Proctacanthus rufus Williston, 1885 [NC, MA, IA, IL, IN, OH, PA, MO, AR, TX, MS, AL, GA, FL, TN, KY, SC, NC, NJ, KS]
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Cerci of ovipositor densely pilose, spines at tip small.
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Cerci of ovipositor sparsely hairy and with a circlet of enlarged spines at the tip.
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Wings nearly hyaline, many of the veins faintly margined with brownish . . . . . Proctacanthus occidentalis Hine, 1911 [CA, WA, OR, NV, ID, BCA]
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Rather small species, middle of the wing with a large dark colored patch . . . . . Proctacanthus coquillettii Hine, 1911 [CA, MEX, BCF, BCS]
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Wings hyaline or with only the veins margined with brown.
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Wings of a uniform brown all over.
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Scutellum with white bristles.
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Scutellum with black bristles.
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Fore femora red, hind femora reddish black. Hairs on scutum black and a few pale hairs at the posterior angles. Length 36-42 mm . . . . . Proctacanthus rodecki James, 1933 [CO, ND, SD, NE, NM, TX, OK, KS]
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Femora darker before than behind. Hairs on scutum predominantly white. Length 26-28 mm . . . . . Proctacanthus duryi Hine, 1911 [OH, IN, IL, MO, KS, KY, TN, AR, OK, TX]
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Wings clear hyaline. All the femora entirely black . . . . . Proctacanthus nigrofemoratus Hine, 1911 [MEX, CHA, USA, AZ, NM, TX]
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Wings with the veins margined with brown. At least the posterior sides of all the femora red.
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Male genitalia elongate, the appendages curved inward at the tips and enclosing an open space beyond the other parts . . . . . Proctacanthus nearno Martin, 1962 [AZ, CA, NV, UT, CO, KS, NM, TX, OR, ID, OK, MEX, BCF, BCS, COA, DUR, SLP, ZAC]
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Male genitalia short, appendages slightly longer than the other parts . . . . . Proctacanthus micans Schiner, 1867 [AZ, WY, KS, UT, AZ, CO, OK, TX, NM, MEX, CHA, COA, DUR, ZAC, SLP, AGU, JAL, PUA]
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Scutum with brown markings. Wings clear brown.
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Scutum with dark, nearly black, markings. Wings pale brown.
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Wings long and wide. Palpi with white hair. Two or three bristles on the front side of the hind femora besides those near the apex . . . . . Proctacanthus longus (Wiedemann, 1821) [GA, OK, TX, AR, LA, MS, TN, MS, AL, SC, NC, FL, VA]
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Wings rather short and narrow. Palpi with black hair. Four or five bristles on the front side of the hind femora besides those near the apex . . . . . Proctacanthus philadelphicus Macquart, 1838 [PA, ME, VT, NH, MA, NY, CT, WV, VA, NC, SC, NJ, MD, GA, QUE]
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Abdomen very dark, nearly black pollinose . . . . . Proctacanthus nigriventris Macquart, 1838 [PA, NY, MA, AL, MS, GA, SC, NC, VA, WV, NJ]
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Abdomen lighter, gray pollinose.
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Middorsal stripe on scutum gray pollinose and not plainly differentiated. Large stout species . . . . . Proctacanthus milbertii Macquart, 1838 [WA, ID, MT, WY, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, KS, OK, TX, MN, IA, MO, AR, LA, WI, IL, MS, MI, IN, KY, TN, AL, OH, WV, VA, NC, SC, GA, FL, PA, NY, VT, NH, ME, MA, CT, NJ, DE, MD, DC, RI, MEX, ALB, MAN, ONT, QUE, BCA]
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Middorsal stripe on scutum usually plainly plainly differentiated and not distictly pollinose.
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Femora uniformly reddish. Abdomen comparatively longer. Proboscis longer and more slender. Palpal hairs all white . . . . . Proctacanthus gracilis Bromley, 1928 [GA, FL, MS, AL, SC]
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Femora nearly black before and brown behind. Abdomen comparatively shorter. Proboscis shorter. Palpal hairs black . . . . . Proctacanthus brevipennis (Wiedemann, 1828) [KY, IL, NH, IN, OH, PA, NY, NH, MO, AR, OK, TX, MS, TN, AL, GA, FL, SC, NC, VA, MT, CO, KS, NA, IA, KS]
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Contents: © Fritz Geller-Grimm, Jorge N. Artigas, 2007
Layout & images: © Fritz Geller-Grimm, 2007
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