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Apocleinae
Asilinae
Dasypogoninae
Dioctriinae
Laphriinae
Laphystiinae
Leptogastrinae
Ommatiinae
Stenopogoninae
Stichopogoninae
Trigonomiminae

Key to the genera of the Nearctic Apocleinae

Fritz GELLER-GRIMM & Jorge N. ARTIGAS

2003/2004

Apocleinae & Asilinae (part)

References: Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1997): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.1. Subfamily Asilinae Leach (including Apocleinae Lehr): Key to generic group. - Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo 34(2): 57-63; Sao Paulo. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1997): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.2. Subfamily Asilinae Leach - Efferia -group, with the proposal of five new genera and a catalogue. - Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo 34(3): 65-95; Sao Paulo. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.3. Subfamily Asilinae Leach, Eichoichemus - group, with the proposal of two new genera and a catalogue. - Gayana. Zoologia. Universidad de Concepcion, Instituto Central de Biologia 59(1): 97-102; Concepcion. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.4. Subfamily Asilinae Leach -Glaphyropyga group-, with the proposal of two new genera and a catalogue. - Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion 66: 11-33; Concepcion. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.5. Subfamily Asilinae Leach -Lochmorhynchus group-, with a catalogue of the Neotropical species. - Gayana. Zoologia. Universidad de Concepcion, Instituto Central de Biologia 59(2): 131-144; Concepcion. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1997): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.6. Subfamily Asilinae Leach - Mallophora -group, with a catalogue of the Neotropical species. - Arquivos de Zoologia do Estado de Sao Paulo 34(4): 97-120; Sao Paulo. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.7. Subfamily Asilinae Leach, Proctacanthus-group, with the proposal of a new genus and a catalogue. - Gayana. Zoologia. Universidad de Concepcion, Instituto Central de Biologia 59(2): 145-160; Concepcion. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.8. Subfamily Asilinae Leach -Eicherax group-, with a catalogue of the Neotropical species. - Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion 66: 35-42; Concepcion. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.9. Subfamily Asilinae Leach -Myaptex-group, with the proposal of two new genera and a catalogue. - Revista chilena de Entomologia 22: 55-73; Santiago. Artigas, J.N. & Papavero, N. (1995): The American genera of Asilidae (Diptera): Keys for identification with an atlas of female spermathecae and other morphological details. IX.10. Subfamily Asilinae Leach - Lecania-group, with a catalogue of the Neotropical species. - Theoria 4: 33-56; Concepcion. Martin, C.H. (1975): The generic and specific characters of four old and six new Asilini genera in the western United States, mexico and Central America (Diptera: Asilidae). - Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences 119: 1-107; San Francisco.

1. Costal section situated between tips of R5 and M1 two or more times longer than costal section situated between tips of R5 and R4, i.e., R5 ends at or above wing apex. »2
- Costal section situated between R5 and M1 subequal to or much shorther than costal section situated between tips of R5 and R4, i.e., R5 ends below wing apex. »3

2. Male hypandrium variable, but most often produced, sometimes with dense apical tift of hairs. Aedeagus with 3 tubes (sometimes extremely short). Female tergite 10 never with spines or spinules . . . . . Efferia-group (part) »7
- Male hypandrium short and broad, not produced, without an apical tuft of hairs. Aedeagus with 2 more or less long tubes arising from a common base. Female tergite 10 with strong spines (except in Proctacanthus coquillettii and P. occidentalis, which have tergites 9 and 10 covered with numerous spinules) . . . . . Proctacanthus-group (part) »14

3. Subalar sclerite with characteristic conical projection. Posterior basalare with at least some bristles and hairs, sometimes very dense. Wing with cell r2+3 broad apically, and vein R4 with a complete extra vein near its junction with R5, which unites R4 with R2+3 (i.e., 3 submarginal cells present). Male terminalia small, in line with body axis. Aedeagus small with 3 more or less long tubes. Female ovipositir conical, weakly sclerotized, beginning with segment 6, 7 or 8; tergite 10 never with spines. Generally very pilose flies . . . . . Mallophora-group »16
- Never with the above combination of characters. »4

4. Male terminalia elongate, forming an angle of almost 90° with the body axis. Aedeagus a very long, crescent-shaped tube with three very short tubes at apex. Female ovipositor strongly flattened laterally, blade-like, tergite 8 elongate and slender . . . . . Efferia-group (part, Nerax) »7
- Never with the above combination of characters. »5

5. Abdominal tergites 2 - 3 or more without lateromarginal bristles . . . . . Proctacanthus-group (part, Proctacanthella) »14
- Abdominal tergites 2 - 3 or more with lateromarginal bristles. »6

6. Scutellum tumid, no sign of an impressed rim . . . . . Myaptex-group: Furcilla Martin, 1975     
- Scutellum with clear impressed rim . . . . . Glaphyropyga-group: Nevadasilus Artigas & Papavero, 1995     

7. [Efferia-group]
Fork of R4 and R5 much or just before apex of discal cell. R5 ends above wing apex. Mesonotum anteriorly either with short hairs (or, if long, not bristle-like), or with bristles or bristle-like hairs as long as or longer as scape and pedicel together. Male abdomen either greyish pollinose and frequently with long, parted hairs, or with tergites 2 - 5 blackish basally, without parted hairs and segments 6 - 7 white pollinose. Ovipositor either rounded at tip, not split in dorsal view, or pointed and split at tip in dorsal view . . . . . Pogonioefferia Artigas & Papavero, 1997 		    
- Fork of R4 and R5 opposite to or beyond apex of discal cell. R5 ends at, below, or above wing apex. Other combination of characters. »8

8. Ocellar tubercle without bristles, only short hairs present. Male hypandrium produced. Female ovipositor conical . . . . . Triorla Parks, 1968     
- Ocellar tubercle with bristles. Other combination of characters. »9

9. R5 curves backwards at the tip and meets the costa below the apex of wing, i.e., costal section between tip of R5 and tip of M1 shorter than costal section between tips of R1 and R5 . . . . . Nerax Hull, 1962     
- R5 curves forward, meeting the costa above the apex of wing, i.e., costal section between tip of R5 and tip of M1 larger than costal section between tips of R1 and R5. »10

10. Wing with submarginal cells, i.e., an extra vein arises in R4 near its junction with R5, which unites R4 with R2+3 . . . . . Efferia Coquillet, 1893     
- Wing with only 2 submarginal cells. »11

11. Mesonotum compressed laterally and the mid-dorsal line with narrow crest of long hairs or bristles . . . . . Carinefferia Artigas & Papavero, 1997     
- Mesonotum not compressed laterally, hairs anteriorly usually short, but if long not covering the dorsocentral as well as the central row. »12

12. Mesonotum anteriorly with numerous erect hairs as long as scape and pedicel together. Scutellum usually with numerous marginal bristles. Bristles of tarsi usually white . . . . . Aridefferia Artigas & Papavero, 1997     
- Mesonotum anteriorly usually with hairs shorther than scape and pedicel together. Scutellum usually with not more than 6 marginal bristles. Bristles of tarsi usually black. »13

13. Male abdomen ventrally with prominent tubercles on segments 4 - 6. Rather small, slender flies . . . . . Tuberculefferia Artigas & Papavero, 1997     
- Male abdomen without ventral tubercles. Small to large species, the small species frequently with short stout bristles in the upper part of the mystax . . . . . Albibarbefferia Artigas & Papavero, 1997     

14. [Proctacanthus-group]
R5 ends below wing apex. Medium-sized flies (12 - 16 mm), with slender body . . . . . Proctacanthella Bromley, 1934 		    
- R5 ends above wing apex. »15

15. Mystax formed by very dense, long, oral hairs and short ones above; the mystax forms a tuft that hides the integument where hairs and brsitles are implanted . . . . . Eccritosia Schiner, 1866     
- Mystax usually with sparese, strong oral brsitles and fine hairs above . . . . . Proctacanthus Macquart, 1838     

16. [Mallophora-group]
Claws acute. Facial gibbosity waek, usually confined to lower half of face: mystax extending up to antennal basis, bristles usually confined to oral margin. Male epandira short, slender, frequently with dense white hairs above. Female ovipositor beginning with segment 6, 7 or 8 . . . . . Promachus Loew, 1848 		    
- Claws obtuse. Other combination of characters. »17

17. Face 1/6 width of head. Frons between antennae and ocelli as long as wide. Male epandria 8 times as long as wide; aedeagus with 3 divergent tubes, more or less long. Female ovipositor beginning with segment 6 . . . . . Amblyonychus Hermann, 1921     
- Face 1/5 width of head or more. Frons between antennae and ocelli wider than long. male epandria variable. Female ovipositor beginning with segment 8. »18

18. Lower half of face swollen, long hairs of mystax confined to gibbosity; oral bristles present at times, short sparse hairs between antennae and gibbosity. Fore and middle femora swollen, hind femur slender, hind tibia bowed, with 1 - 4 strong bristles on anterior side . . . . . Mallophora Macquart, 1838     
- Face slightly and evenly convex. Other combination of characters. »19

19. The dense, erect scutellar hairs parted at middle. Hind femur with dorsal anterior row of bristles. Tarsomeres 2 - 4 as long as wide. face 1/3 width of head. Male epandira about three times as long as wide. Female ovipositor short . . . . . Promachella Cole & Pritchard, 1964     
- Dense erect scutellar hairs unparted. Hind femur with only apical aneterior dorsal bristles. Tarsomeres 2 - 4 about twice as wide as long. Face 1/4 to nearly 1/3 width of head. Male epandria about twice as long as wide. Aedegaus with only one tube. Female ovipositor short . . . . . Megaphorus Bigot, 1857     

 

 

 

Contents: © Jorge N. Artigas et al., Fritz Geller-Grimm, 2003
Layout & images: © Fritz Geller-Grimm, 2003